El duelo en los futbolistas retirados: Identidad, pérdida, adaptación y reconstrucción de la vida después del fútbol

Alfermann, D., Stambulova, N., & Zemaityte, A. (2004). Reactions to sport career termination: A cross-national comparison of German, Lithuanian, and Russian athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 5(1), 61–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1469-0292(02)00050-X

Barth, M., Güllich, A., Forstinger, C. A., Schlesinger, T., Schröder, F., & Emrich, E. (2021). Retirement of professional soccer players – A systematic review from social sciences perspectives. Journal of Sports Sciences, 39(8), 903–914. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1851449

Brewer, B. W. (1993). Self-identity and specific vulnerability to depressed mood. Journal of Personality, 61(3), 343–364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1993.tb00284.x

Brewer, B. W., Van Raalte, J. L., & Linder, D. E. (1993). Athletic identity: Hercules’ muscles or Achilles heel? International Journal of Sport Psychology, 24, 237–254.

Brown, C. J., Webb, T. L., Robinson, M. A., & Cotgreave, R. (2018). Athletes’ experiences of social support during their transition out of elite sport: An interpretive phenomenological analysis. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 36, 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.01.003

Brown, C. J., Webb, T. L., Robinson, M. A., & Cotgreave, R. (2019). Athletes’ retirement from elite sport: A qualitative study of parents and partners’ experiences. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 40, 51–60.

Buckley, G. L., Hall, L. E., Lassemillante, A.-C. M., Ackerman, K. E., & Belski, R. (2019). Retired athletes and the intersection of food and body: A systematic literature review exploring compensatory behaviours and body change. Nutrients, 11(6), 1395. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061395

Chun, Y., Wendling, E., & Sagas, M. (2023). Identity work in athletes: A systematic review of the literature. Sports, 11(10), 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11100203

Crook, R., Coffee, P., Bank, C., Neely, K. C., Hartley, C., Haslam, C., & Tamminen, K. A. (2025). Transitioning out of elite sport: The central role of groups in support experiences. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 80, 102873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102873

Di Rocco, F., Romagnoli, C., Ciaccioni, S., Capranica, L., Padua, E., & Guidotti, F. (2025). Sustainable career transitions and mental health support in elite sport: A systematic review of evidence and practices. Sports, 13(12), 438. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13120438

FIFPRO. (2019). Mind the gap: First research report published. https://www.fifpro.org/en/articles/2019/08/mind-the-gap-first-research-report-published

FIFPRO. (s. f.). Desarrollo e impacto. https://www.fifpro.org/es/que-hacemos/desarrollo-e-impacto

Furie, K., Park, A. L., & Wong, S. E. (2023). Mental health and involuntary retirement from sports post-musculoskeletal injury in adult athletes: A systematic review. Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine, 16(5), 211–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-023-09830-6

Gearing, B. (1999). Narratives of identity among former professional footballers in the United Kingdom. Journal of Aging Studies, 13(1), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0890-4065(99)80005-X

Gouttebarge, V., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Gorczynski, P., Hainline, B., Hitchcock, M. E., Kerkhoffs, G. M., Rice, S. M., & Reardon, C. L. (2019). Occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders in current and former elite athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(11), 700–706. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100671

Haslam, C., McAulay, C., Cooper, D., Mertens, N., Coffee, P., Hartley, C., Young, T., La Rue, C. J., Haslam, S. A., Steffens, N. K., Cruwys, T., Bentley, S. V., Mallett, C. J., McGregor, M., Williams, D., & Fransen, K. (2024). “I’m more than my sport”: Exploring the dynamic processes of identity change in athletic retirement. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 73, 102640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102640

Kübler-Ross, E. (1969). On death and dying. Macmillan.

Laschowski, G., & O’Reilly, N. (2026). The financial well-being of retired professional athletes: Debunking the myth about financial irresponsibility. Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 16(2), 301–319. https://doi.org/10.1108/SBM-01-2025-0025

Mannes, Z. L., Waxenberg, L. B., Cottler, L. B., Perlstein, W. M., Burrell, L. E., Ferguson, E. G., Edwards, M. E., & Ennis, N. (2019). Prevalence and correlates of psychological distress among retired elite athletes: A systematic review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 12(1), 265–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2018.1469162

McCluskey, T., Stevens, M., Cruwys, T., Murray, K., & Freeman, H. (2025). Correlates of athlete mental health during career transitions: A systematic review of quantitative research. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Publicación anticipada en línea. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2025.2556389

Melekoğlu, T., Sezgin, E., Işın, A., & Türk, A. (2019). The effects of a physically active lifestyle on the health of former professional football players. Sports, 7(4), 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040075

Park, S., Lavallee, D., & Tod, D. (2013). Athletes’ career transition out of sport: A systematic review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 6(1), 22–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2012.687053

Runacres, A., & Marshall, Z. A. (2024). Prevalence of anxiety and depression in former elite athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 10(4), e001867. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001867

Stambulova, N., Alfermann, D., Statler, T., & Côté, J. (2009). ISSP position stand: Career development and transitions of athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 7(4), 395–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2009.9671916

Stroebe, M., & Schut, H. (1999). The dual process model of coping with bereavement: Rationale and description. Death Studies, 23(3), 197–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/074811899201046

Torregrosa, M., Ramis, Y., Pallarés, S., Azócar, F., & Selva, C. (2015). Olympic athletes back to retirement: A qualitative longitudinal study. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 21, 50–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.03.003

Voorheis, P., Silver, M., & Consonni, J. (2023). Adaptation to life after sport for retired athletes: A scoping review of existing reviews and programs. PLOS ONE, 18(9), e0291683. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291683

Wang, W., Schweickle, M. J., Arnold, E. R., & Vella, S. A. (2025). Psychological interventions to improve elite athlete mental wellbeing: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 55(4), 877–897. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-024-02173-3

Wylleman, P., Alfermann, D., & Lavallee, D. (2004). Career transitions in sport: European perspectives. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 5(1), 7–20.

Zhang, Y., Haslam, S. A., Haslam, C., & Steffens, N. K. (2025). A badge, a part of my history and also a root: A longitudinal qualitative exploration of the social identity model of identity change in retired elite athletes. British Journal of Social Psychology, 64(3), e70005. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.70005